Construction of TRAF6 ubiquitin site 331 mutant colorectal cancer cell stable line and its effect on biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of ubiquitin mutation at position 331 of tumor necrosis factor receptor related factor 6 (TRAF6) on the biological characteristics of colorectal cancer cells and its mechanism. Methods: lentivirus wild type (pCDH-3×FLAG-TRAF6) and mutation (pCDH-3×FLAG-TRAF6-331mut) of TRAF6 gene expression plasmid with green fluorescent protein tag were used to infect colorectal cancer cells SW480 and HCT116, respectively. The infection was observed by fluorescence microscope, and the expressions of TRAF6 and TRAF6-331mut in cells was detected by western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and plate cloning test were used to detect the proliferation ability of colorectal cancer cells in TRAF6 group and TRAF6-331mut group, cell scratch test to detect cell migration, Transwell chamber test to detect cell migration and invasion, immunoprecipitation to detect the ubiquitination of TRAF6 and TRAF6-331mut with ubiquitinof lysine binding sites K48 and K63. Western blot was used to detect the effects of TRAF6 and TRAF6-331mut over expression on the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen activated protein kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activating protein-1(AP-1) signal pathway. Results: The successful infection of colorectal cancer cells was observed under fluorescence microscope. Western blot detection showed that TRAF6 and TRAF6-331mut were successfully expressed in colorectal cancer cells. The results of CCK-8 assay showed that on the fourth day, the absorbance values of HCT116 and SW480 cells in TRAF6-331mut group were 1.89±0.39 and 1.88±0.24 respectively, which were lower than those in TRAF6 group (2.09±0.12 and 2.17±0.45, P=0.036 and P=0.011, respectively). The results of plate colony formation assay showed that the number of clones of HCT116 and SW480 cells in TRAF6-331mut group was 120±14 and 85±14 respectively, which was lower than those in TRAF6 group (190±21 and 125±13, P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). The results of cell scratch test showed that after 48 hours, the percentage of wound healing distance of HCT116 and SW480 cells in TRAF6-331mut group was (31±12)% and (33±14)%, respectively, which was lower than those in TRAF6 group [(43±13)% and (43±7)%, P=0.005 and 0.009, respectively]. The results of Transwell migration assay showed that the migration numbers of HCT116 and SW480 cells in TRAF6-331mut group were significantly lower than those in TRAF6 group (P<0.001 and P<0.002, respectively). The results of Transwell invasion assay showed that the number of membrane penetration of HCT116 and SW480 cells in TRAF6-331mut group was significantly lower than those in TRAF6 group (P=0.008 and P=0.009, respectively). The results of immunoprecipitation detection showed that the ubiquitin protein of K48 chain pulled by TRAF6-331mut was lower than that of wild type TRAF6 in 293T cells co-transfected with K48 (0.57±0.19), and the ubiquitin protein of K63 chain pulled down by TRAF6-331mut in 293T cells co-transfected with K63 was lower than that of wild type TRAF6 (0.89±0.08, P<0.001). Western blot assay showed that the protein expression levels of NF-κB, p-NF-κB and p-AP-1 in TRAF6-331mut-HCT116 cells were 0.63±0.08, 0.42±0.08 and 0.60±0.07 respectively, which were lower than those in TRAF6-HCT116 cells (P=0.002, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). The expression level of AP-1 protein in TRAF6-HCT116 cells was 0.89±0.06, compared with that in TRAF6-HCT116 cells. The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The protein expression levels of NF-κB, p-NF-κB and p-AP-1 in TRAF6-331mut-SW480 cells were 0.50±0.06, 0.51±0.04, 0.48±0.02, respectively, which were lower than those in TRAF6-SW480 cells (all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in AP-1 protein expression between TRAF6-331mut-SW480 cells and TRAF6-SW480 cells. Conclusion: The ubiquitin site mutation of TRAF6 gene at 331 may prevent the binding of TRAF6 and ubiquitin lysine sites K48 and K63, and then affect the expressions of proteins related to downstream NF-κB and MAPK/AP-1 signal pathways, and inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells.

Effect of Nucleolin on Lymphoma Proliferation by Regulating Thymidine Kinase 1 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanism of nucleolin (NCL) involved in lymphoma proliferation by regulating thymidine kinase 1 (TK1).@*METHODS@#Twenty-three patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were selected and divided into initial treatment group (14 cases) and relapsed/refractory group (9 cases). Serum TK1 and C23 protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected. Cell models of CA46-NCL-KD (CA46-NCL-knockdown) and CA46-NCL-KNC (CA46-NCL-knockdown negative control) were established by lentivirus vector mediated transfection in Burkitt lymphoma cell line CA46. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CA46-NCL-KD, CA46-NCL-KNC, and CA46 to adriamycin were detected by cell proliferation assay (MTS). The expression of NCL mRNA and protein in CA46-NCL-KD and CA46-NCL-KNC cells were dectected by Q-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The cell cycle of CA46-NCL-KD, CA46-NCL-KNC, and CA46 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of TK1 protein in CA46-NCL-KD and CA46-NCL-KNC cells was detected by an enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) dot blot assay.@*RESULTS@#The level of serum TK1 in the initial treatment group was 0.43(0-30-1.01) pmol/L, which was lower than 10.56(2.19-14.99) pmol/L in the relapsed/refractory group (P<0-01), and the relative expression level of NCL protein in peripheral blood was also significantly lower. The IC50 of CA46-C23-KD cells to adriamycin was (0.147±0.02) μg/ml, which was significantly lower than (0.301±0.04) μg/ml of CA46-C23-KNC cells and (0.338±0.05) μg/ml of CA46 cells (P<0.05). Compared with CA46-NCL-KNC cells, the expression of NCL mRNA and protein, TK1 protein decreased in CA46-NCL-KD cells, and the proportion of S phase and G2/M phase also decreased, while G0/G1 phase increased in cell cycle.@*CONCLUSION@#The increased expression of NCL in DLBCL and CA46 cells indicates low sensitivity to drug. NCL may participate in regulation of lymphoma proliferation by affecting TK1 expression, thereby affecting the drug sensitivity.

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia with EP300-ZNF384 Fusion Gene Positive / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical manifestations and laboratory features of B-ALL patients with EP300-ZNF384 fusion gene positive, so as to improve the understanding of this subtype disease.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 3 B-ALL patients with EP300-ZNF384 fusion gene positive admitted in Department of Hematology, the first medical center of Chinese PLA general hospital from February 2017 to February 2018 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The clinical and laboratory characteristics as well as the therapentic outcome in B-ALL patients with EP300-ZNF384 fusion gene positive were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The fusion gene of EP300-ZNF384 was detected in 8.1%(3/37) of B-ALL patients. All cases showed the normal karyotype and aberrant CD13 and/or CD33 expression for immunophenotype. 3 patients were sensitive to traditional chemotherapy.@*CONCLUSION@#The B-ALL with EEP300-ZNF384 fusion gene positive may be a subgroup of B-ALL with a uniqe clinical characteristis and laboatorial features. EP300-ZNF384 positive patients show a good response to conventional chemotherapy, suggesting a favorable prognosis.

Research Progress of Pulmonary Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma / 中国肺癌杂志

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm that develops from vascular endothelial cells. It has been reported to occur many sites of body, but the most common EHE presentations are soft tissue (limbs), bone, liver and lung. Compared with other pulmonary tumors, pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (P-EHE) is relatively rare. According to a literature review, more than 100 cases have been described all over the world. Due to the low incidence of P-EHE, lack of specificity in clinical symptoms and radiological findings, it is often misdiagnosed. Meanwhile, many patients do not receive appropriate treatment, resulting in poor prognosis in some cases. Histology and immunohistochemical methods are essential for diagnosis. However, there is no established standard treatment for P-EHE, because of the rarity of the disease. When the lesions are small and limited in number, surgical is the best treatment, achieving the purpose of diagnosis and treatment at the same time. This article tries to present the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of P-EHE.
.

Study of TLRs recognition in the immune response post tumor chemotherapy / 中国免疫学杂志

Toll like receptor ( TLRs) is a highly conserved transmembrane protein expressed in epithelial cells and immune cells,which is a kind of important receptor to identify the damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). TLRs and DAMP produced by tumor cells after chemotherapy combine to produce the corresponding biological effects via MyD88 dependent and independent path-ways. At present,the research application of TLRs identifying DAMP clinically is mainly focused on promoting the release of the DAMP and enhancing the expression of TLRs to strengthen the immune effect of chemotherapy drugs.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein modulates differentiation of murine memory CD8T cell subpopulations / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) on memory CD8T cell subpopulation differentiation in mice with autoimmune diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cultured splenic CD8T cells from pre-diabetic NOD mice isolated with magnetic beads were treated with 30 µg/mL ox-LDL and 10 U/mL interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 24 h and the control cells were treated with IL-2 only. Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of splenic CD8IFN-γT cells, expressions of CD8, CD44 and CD62L on the T cells, and the activation of T cell factor-1 (TCF-1) and STAT-3. The CD127memory T cells were purified and transplanted into the pre-diabetic NOD mice via the tail vein, and the blood glucose was recorded weekly and survival time of the mice was monitored.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatment with ox-LDL significantly reduced islet β cell-specific cytotoxic CD8T cells as compared with the control group [(0.7∓0.03)% vs (2.7∓0.14)%, P<0.01]. The percentage of effector memory CD8T cells (Tem) in the total memory CD8T cells was reduced [(10.3∓0.71)% vs (30.3∓1.36)%, P<0.01] and that of stem cell-like memory T cells was significantly increased [(72.3∓3.8)% vs (55.1∓2.61)%, P<0.05] following ox-LDL treatment, which also resulted in significantly decreased activation of TCF-1 [(14.5∓0.82)% vs (34.2∓1.23)%, P<0.01] and pSTAT-3 [(3.3∓0.12)% vs (22.1∓1.1)%, P<0.01]. Transplantation of ox-LDL-treated memory T cells in pre-diabetic NOD mice obviously inhibited the increase of blood glucose and prolonged the survival time of the mice (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ox-LDL decreases the activation of transcriptional factors TCF-1 and phosphorylation of STAT-3, inhibits the formation of effector memory CD8T cells with long-term cytotoxicity, but promote the generation of stem cell-like memory CD8T cells, which result in suppression of islet β cell-specific effector cytotoxic CD8T cell differentiation to lessen autoimmune injury to the islet β cells.</p>

Effects of Virtual Reality on Balance and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Parkinson's Disease:A Meta-Analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To evaluate the effects of virtual reality on balance and activities of daily living in patients with Parkinson's dis-ease.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about virtual reality for balance and activities of daily living in patients with Parkin-son's disease were electronically searched in PubMed,Web of Science,EBSCO,Cochrane Library,Science Direct,Wanfang Data,VIP Data-base and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from the date of establishment to July, 2017. Data were analyzed with Rev-Man5.3 software.Results A total of nine RCTs were included.Virtual reality significantly improved the ability of dynamic balance(WMD=1.6,95%CI[0.75,2.46],P=0.0002)and activities of daily living(SMD=0.41,95%CI[0.01,0.80],P=0.04).However,the results of sensitivi-ty organization test(SMD=-0.18,95%CI[-0.65,0.28],P=0.44)and walking ability(WMD=-1.18,95%CI[-2.38,0.02],P=0.05)were not statistically significant.Conclusion Virtual reality can improve the balance function and activities of daily living of patients with Parkin-son's disease,however,the effects on sensitivity organization and walking ability still need further study.

Nine issues about clinical application of thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Spinal fractures are a big challenge to orthopedists.Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS),a newly developed evaluation system for thoracolumbar fractures,has proved to be valid and reliable in the last decade.However,there have still been many problems in the clinical application of TLICS in China.We discussed nine issues about the clinical application of TLICS in this article,hoping to promote better understanding and application of TLICS in Chinese spinal surgeons in their daily practice.

Nine issues about clinical application of thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Spinal fractures are a big challenge to orthopedists.Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS),a newly developed evaluation system for thoracolumbar fractures,has proved to be valid and reliable in the last decade.However,there have still been many problems in the clinical application of TLICS in China.We discussed nine issues about the clinical application of TLICS in this article,hoping to promote better understanding and application of TLICS in Chinese spinal surgeons in their daily practice.

Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farina drops on children with allergic rhinitis.@*METHOD@#This was retrospective study analyzing the efficacy of dermatophaguides farinae drops SLIT in 110 patients (aged 4-14 years old) with house dust mites induced allergic rhinitis (without asthma). All the patients were divided into the SLIT group (n = 60) and drug group (n = 50). Patients in SLIT group received sublingual immunotherapy combined with symptomatic medication, and patients in drug group only received symptomatic medication. We recorded and evaluated the total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), total medication scores (TMS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) of the 2 groups at three time points, before the treatment, and the treatment for 1-year and 2-year.@*RESULT@#After 1-year and 2-year treatment, compared with drug group, TMS, TNSS and VAS in SLIT group decreased significantly (P < 0.01). When compared with baseline, we got the similar result as compared with drug group. Besides, the TMS of drug group increased significantly after treatment (P < 0.01). And no significant difference was observed in TNSS and VAS. In addition, there was significant difference in the Proportion of patients withdrawing symptomatic medication in SLIT group and drug group (68.33%,16.00%, respectively; P < 0.01). There were 4 local adverse reactions occurred during the treatment and no serious adverse events occurred.@*CONCLUSION@#Sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farinae drops showed significant clinical efficacy in children with allergic rhinitis comparing with pharmacotherapy.

PTEN inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cells via the antagonism of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

ABSTRACT:Objective To explore the role of PTEN in the suppression of neural stem cells so as to clarify whether neural stem cell proliferation can be promoted by regulating the PI3K-Akt/PTEN expression level. Methods We removed the hippocampus from neonatal 24 h Kunming mice,isolated and cultured the generation of neural stem cells,which were then identified by immunofluorescence test.We randomly grouped the cultured neural stem cells into normal group,ischemia model group,hypoxia group (hypoxia + ischemia model group),Lip2000 group (hypoxia+ ischemia model group + Lip2000 null transfection group,PTEN transfection group (hypoxia +ischemia model group+Ad5-PTEN transfection group),and PTEN interference group (hypoxia+ ischemia model group+Lip2000+PTENsiRNA interference group).We detected the proliferation of neural stem cells in the groups at different time points,and PTEN protein expression of neural stem cells in each group after PTEN transfection, and the effect on iconic protein on Akt-PI3K signaling pathway.Results (1 )Nestin identification of the neural stem cells was tested by immunofluorescence.We observed green bright and typical cell spheroids under fluorescence microscope;the clear structure could be seen within spheroids.(2)We determined the proliferation of neural stem cells at different time points by MTT.After 36 h of culture,the neural stem cells had obvious proliferation in the hypoxia group and Lip2000 group compared with the model group, the PTEN transfection group and PTEN interference group (P 0.05);(4)After PTEN plasmid transfection,there were no apparent changes in the total Akt and bad in the groups,but compared with the normal group,PI3K,p-Akt,and p-bad expressions in model group and PTEN gene transfection group reduced (P <0.05),with the more obvious changes in the PTEN transfection group.PI3K,p-Akt,and p-bad expressions in the hypoxia group, Lip2000 group and PTEN interference group increased (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Hypoxia contributes to promoting the proliferation of neural stem cells,and the inhibition of PTEN on PI3K/Akt might be the key factor for blocked proliferation of adult neural stem cells.

Case-control study on effect of anterolateral and posterolateral approaches on early postoperative hip abductor strength in total hip arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the difference of early postoperative hip abductor strength and function between improved Gibson anterolateral approach (group A) and conventional Gibson posterolateral approach (group B) in patients who had underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Among 149 patients performing total hip arthroplasty,130 patients were followed up and were randomly divided into two groups (19 unqualified cases were excluded). Group A included 65 cases who underwent anterolateral approach, and the other group included 65 cases who underwent posterolateral approach. In the group A, male:female = 26:39,with an average age of (72.5 ± 8.3) years old, BMI of (24.7 ± 3.7) kg/m², and hip abductor strength of (1.08 ± 0.49) N · m/kg. In the group B, male:female = 30:35, with an average age of (71.6 ± 7.1) years old, BMI of (25.5 ± 3.9) kg/m², and hip abductor strength of (1.05 ± 0.51) N · m/kg. In the age-related control group, male:female = 33:32, with an average age of (73.1 ± 7.5) years old, BMI of (24.2 ± 3.8) kg/m², and hip abductor strength of (1.17 ± 0.53) N · m/kg. The age, BMI, hip abductor strength, anatomy of surgical approach, hip abduction angles and Harris score in all patients were evaluated at the day before surgery and at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. All preoperative clinical data (age, BMI and abductor strength of the uninjured side limb ) of these cases had no significant differences.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery, the hip abductor strength in group A were (0.53 ± 0.13), (0.66 ± 0.21), (0.85 ± 0.15), (0.95 ± 0.19), (1.03 ± 0.13) N · m/kg respectively, while in group B were (0.46 ± 0.14), (0.57 ± 0.18), (0.78 ± 0.12), (0.85 ± 0.18), (0.98 ± 0.14) N · m/ kg respectively.The differences between the two groups at the 6th months after operation were significant; the hip abduction angles in group A were (25.35 ± 4.31)°, (36.53 ± 5.13)°, (48.07 ± 1.62)°, (61.53 ± 1.77)°, (68.62 ± 3.16)°,while in group B were (23.47 ± 2.41)°, (33.42 ± 4.23)°, (46.64 ± 2.51)°, (60.96 ± 1.75)°, (67.47 ± 4.36)°. The differences between the two groups at the 3rd month after operation were significant. Harris score in the group A were 72.23 ± 2.57, 79.36 ± 3.91, 84.75 ± 3.17, 88.63 ± 2.16, 95.21 ± 1.37 repectively ; while in the group B were 71.58 ± 3.62, 78.96 ± 2.21, 83.97 ± 3.57, 87.92 ± 2.94, 94.83 ± 1.62 respectively. There were no significant differences between them.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Owing to less muscles interrupted, the THA with improved Gibson anterolateral approach offers a better improvement in earlier hip abductor strength and abduction angle compared with the conventional surgery.</p>

Complications of percutaneous kyphoplasty non-related with bone leakage in treating osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the complications of percutaneous kyphoplasty except bone leakge for the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2008 to October 2012,178 patients with 224 osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty under local anethsia. There were 72 males and 106 females,ranging in age from 58 to 92 years old,with an average of 75.3 years,including 93 thoracic vertebrae and 131 lumbar vertebrae. The complications except bone cement leakage were analyzed during operation and after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All operations were successful and all patients were followed up from 12 to 60 months with an average of 26.2 months. No death was found. Bone cement leakage occurred in 27 cases, about 15.1% in 178 cases; and complications except bone cement leakage occurred in 15 cases. There was 1 case with cardiac arrest,was completely recovery by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately; and 1 case with temporary absence of breathing,was recovery after treatment. There were 3 cases with fall of blood pressure and slower of heart rate; 1 case with intestinal obstruction; 2 cases with local hematoma and 1 case with intercostal neuralgia. Vertebral body fractures of 2 cases were split by bone cement and the fractures of adjacent body occurred in 4 cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It's uncommon complication except bone cement leakge in treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures with percutaneous kyphoplasty. The complication of cardiopulmonary system is a high risk in surgery; and cytotoxicity of bone cement,nervous reflex,fat embolism and alteration of intravertebral pressure may be main reasons.</p>

Determination of polysaccharides content of Gentiana farreri from different producing areas based on anthrone-sulfuric acid method / 中国中药杂志

Study a method for the detemination of the content of polysaccharides in Gentiana farreri, and analysis of the content of polysaccharides from different producing areas. The results showed that using the anthrone-sulfuric acid method, simple operation, accurate result. Sample was measured at 620 nm absorbance after anthrone-sulfuric acid color, at this wavelength, solution absorption and glucose showed a good linear relationship; The linearity was in the range of 0.01-0.07 g x L(-1) (r = 0.996 7). The recovery rate was 99.41%, with RSD of 2.0%. Considering the experimental conditions, to determine the solid-liquid ratio 1:60, extracting time 50 min, concentration of ethanol 80%. The mass fraction of polysaccharides was the highest to reached 0.743% in G. farreri from Gansu Xiahe. This experiment has laid a good foundation for further study on G. farreri.

Research on expression and function of phosphorylated DARPP-32 on pentylenetetrazol-induced epilepsy model of rat / 生物医学工程学杂志

The present study is to explore the change process and distribution of phosphorylated DARPP-32 (p-DARPP-32) in rat brain including cortex, hippocampus and striatum and to further deduce whether p-DARPP-32 was possibly involved in epilepsy induced by repetitive low doses of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). PTZ-induced epilepsy model in rat was established with 30 male SD rats randomly divided into 6 groups, control group and five trial groups [PTZ 1 h, PTZ 6 h, PTZ 24 h, PTZ 48 h and PTZ 72 h respectively, after onset of status epilepticus (SE)]. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence double-labeling were used to detect the temporal time change and distribution of p-DARPP-32 expression and to analyze the coexpression of DARPP-32 and p-DARPP-32 in rat brain after the onset of PTZ-induced generalized SE. The results showed that there was a temporal time change of p-DARPP-32 expression in rat brain after the onset of SE. The number of p-DARPP-32-positive cells increased significantly and reached the peaks at the ends of 1 hour and 6 hours after the onset of SE, but decreased at the end of 24 hours. The moderate to strong p-DARPP-32-immunopositive neurons were observed in cortex, hippocampus and striatum, and located in cell cytoplasm and cell nucleus. Further immunofluorescence double-labeling revealed that denser colocalization of p-DARPP-32 and DARPP-32 in the neurons existed in the area mentioned above. Therefore, PTZ-induced SE may cause phosphorylation of DARPP-32 in rat brain. The temporal time change and distribution of p-DARPP-32 suggest that phosphorylation of DARPP-32 may be involved in PTZ-induced epilepsy in rat brain including cortex, hippocampus and striatum, and p-DARPP-32 may play a central role in the onset of SE.

Treatment of senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with percutaneous kyphoplasty under local anesthesia / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures under local anesthesia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2007 to May 2010,129 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were treated with PKP under local anesthesia. There were 47 males and 82 females, ranging in age from 61 to 92 years old,with an average of 73.7 years old,including 88 segments of thoracic vertebrae and 101 segments of lumbar vertebrae. Visual analogue scale (VAS),height of vertebral body,Cobb's angle were evaluated before and after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Operations were performed successfully in all patients and these patients were followed up from 24 to 60 months with an average of 34.2 months. Preoperative,postoperative two weeks and at final follow-up,VAS score was 7.9+/-2.5,2.8+/-1.8,3.0+/-2.2,respectively;Cobb angle was (28.3+/-13.7)degree, (16.2+/-9.8)degree, (19.1+/-10.3)degree, respectively. There was significant difference between postoperative and preoperative, and between at final follow up and preoperative (P<0.05). The height of vertebral body obtained partial recovery. Bone cement leakage occurred in 23 vertebrae (with proportion of 17.8%) during operation,among one patient with temporary clinical symptom of radiculalgia. All lumbago obtained obviously anesis after operation, 1 case complicated with respiratory depression and recovered after resuscitation; 1 case complicated with intestinal obstruction and improved after treatment, 1 case complicated with fracture separation of vertebral body by bone cement, and 4 cases complicated with fracture of adjacent vertebral body.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutaneous vertebral kyphoplasty is an effective method for treatment of senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,which can expeditiously relieve pain and effectively recovery height of vertebral body and Cobb angle,it has advantages of minimal invasive. The results of short and mid-term follow-up were satisfactory, long-term follow-up is still needed. Correctly choosing the operative indication and improving surgical technique may avoid complications, especially bone cement leakage which is the most frequent complication.</p>

Clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with preoperative cancer-related anemia / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with preoperative cancer-related anemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 354 patients with colorectal cancer in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College from January 2003 to July 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Those with hemoglobin(Hb)<120 g/L before surgery were defined as cancer-related anemia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 354 colorectal cancer cases, 195 were males and 159 were females. The median age was 65(range 22-92) years. Preoperative cancer-related anemia tended to be occurred in female(P<0.01) and those with preoperative albumin ≤35 g/L (P<0.01), right colon cancer(P<0.01) and full-thickness invasion(P<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed preoperative cancer-related anemia was an independent unfavorable factor for overall survival (HR=1.60, 95% CI:1.05-2.44; P<0.05), but not for disease-free survival (HR=1.43, 95% CI:0.97-2.12; P>0.05) in colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Preoperative cancer-related anemia plays an important role in the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer and great attention should be paid to clinical practice.</p>

Anatomic study of poking reduction and bone grafting technique for Hill-Sachs lesions / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To determine whether the poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through bony tunnel can correct a Hill-Sachs lesion. Methods A total of 30 cadaveric humeri were equally divided into three groups, 10 cadaveric humeri per group. Hill-Sachs lesions were replicated with a osseous defect involving 10% (group A ) , 20% (group B ) and 30% (group C ) of the articular surface. All the bone defects in each group were measured and the poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through a bony tunnel was performed in group B and group C. The preoperative and postoperative transverse arc length, longitudinal are length, depth and volume of the osseous defects in group B and group C were compared by using paired t test. Results Before reduction, the transverse arc length of the bone defects was ( 10.9 ± 1.4 )mm in group B and ( 16.3 ± 2.3 ) mm in group C ; longitudinal arc length was ( 22.4 ± 2.4 ) mm in group B and ( 28.0 ± 2.2 ) mm in group C ;depth was (6.9±0.9) mm in group B and (11. 1 ±0.9) mm in group C; volume was (708.7±93.9) mm3 in group B and (1338.3 ± 185.6) mm3 in group C. After reduction, the transverse arc length of the bone defects was (5.1 ± 2.4 ) mm in group B and ( 7.6 ± 3.6 ) mm in group C ; longitudinal arc lengthwas (10.5 ±4.9) mm in group B and (12.3 ±5.3) mm in group C; depth was (0.3±0.1 ) mm in group B and (0.4 ±0.1 ) mm in group C; volume was (48.9 ± 16.1 )mm3 in group B and (70.3 ± 37.9) mm3 in group C. The comparison of all the parameters showed statistical difference (P <0. 01 ). Conclusion The poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through a bony tunnel can effectively correct the Hill-Sachs lesions with humeral head osseous defects involving 20% -30% of the articular surface.

Effects of E-selectin and their ligands on the adhesive metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To explore the effects of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and their ligands on the adhesive metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to select possible anti-adhesion drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>78 HCC patients were analyzed with the correlation of clinical features to the expression levels of E-selectin, sLeX, sLeA and CD44v6 in the tumor tissue. The adhesion between HepG2 and endothelial cell lines was examined by solid phase adhesion assay in vitro. Two kinds of drugs were accessed for their anti-adhesion ability.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of E-selectin in vascular endothelia cells adjacent to cancer nest is 70.51%, and which of sLeX, sLeA, CD44v6 within tumor cells is 64.10%, 69.23%, 62.90% respectively. The patients' life span is closely related with the positive expression of sLeX, sLeA, CD44v6 (P = 0.008, 0.001, 0.022). The positive expression of E-selectin, sLeX and sLeA is significantly correlated to portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), preoperative extrahepatic metastasis, and satellite foci, but not to the size of tumor and AFP. The level of CD44v6 expression is significantly correlated to patient's survival time. The expression levels of E-selectin and ICAM-1 are remarkably higher after ED25 and ECV304 cell lines be activated. Meanwhile the adhesive ability of HepG2 to endothelial cell is mediated. Dexamethasone, tanshinone IIA are able to block this adhesion at low concentration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression levels of E-selectin, sLeX, sLeA and CD44v6 are closely correlated with clinical features. E-selectin, ICAM-1 and their ligands are important molecules of hepatocellular carcinoma and endothelial cells to tumor adhesive metastasis. Dexamethasone, tanshinone II A can be hopefully used as anti-adhesion drugs.</p>

Influence of inhaled corticosteroids on distribution of throat flora in children with bronchial asthma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on the distribution of throat flora in children with bronchial asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty healthy children were included in the study as the control group and 160 children with asthma in acute period before ICS therapy were chosen as the experimental group. The experimental group were treated with ICS therapy. In this group, 89 children were followed up for 3 months, 68 for 6 months and 60 for 12 months. The ICS in the study was budesonide with the trade name as Pulmicort. Swab from the pharynx was used, then inoculated in agar plate. The bacteria were isolated, the distribution and variation of the microbial population in pharyngeal portion were evaluated. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS12.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bacteria could be detected in all samples collected from children with asthma in acute, untreated period, which were mainly non-β-hemolytic streptococcus and gram negative cocci bacteria. Gram negative bacilli, streptococcus pneumoniae and mycetes were less. There were no significant differences (χ(2) value were 4.7441, 7.8582 and 1.5583 respectively, Fisher exact value were 0.0699, 0.6398, 0.2433, 0.8580, 0.6616, 0.6339, and 0.8479 respectively, P > 0.05) among children with asthma in acute period, children with asthma treated with ICS after 3, 6 and 12 months and control group. Three strains of mycetes were detected in the experimental group, and one strain in children with asthma treated with ICS for 6 months group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were no significant changes in the distribution of throat flora between the control group and the experimental group. The throat microbiology did not show significant change. Inhaled corticosteroids had no obvious effect in throat flora in children with asthma after being used for a short term and for 12 months, which suggested that inhaled corticosteroids was safe in bronchial asthma treatment. Dynamic monitoring of throat flora while the inhaled corticosteroids are used is of clinical significance.</p>